Although Bern holds the official title of Switzerland's capital, Geneva is often considered the country's primary city for several significant reasons. Situated on the shores of Lake Geneva, just across the border from France, Geneva hosts the headquarters of international organizations such as the UN, WTO, and Red Cross.
With a population of approximately 200,000 people, nearly half of whom are foreign nationals, Geneva's popularity is no accident. Besides being a global financial hub, it earned the distinction of being named the best city in the world to live in back in 2014.
The official language in the city is French, but you'll also find many people who speak Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish. Additionally, it's common for every other person in Geneva to speak English. This cosmopolitanism creates a unique atmosphere in the city, earning Geneva the nickname of a little New York.
Geneva's history dates back to ancient times, with Julius Caesar mentioning Celtic settlements on the site of the modern city. Officially, Geneva is believed to have been founded before 120 B.C., but it truly flourished in the 16th century.
During the 16th century, Geneva, Bern, and Zurich joined forces to create a powerful union. Religious refugees from all over Europe sought refuge in Switzerland, and Geneva became the epicenter of the Reformation. As time went on, Europe faced turbulent times, but even in the 20th century, Geneva managed to maintain its reputation.
Switzerland's decision to remain neutral and not participate in any of the world wars solidified its status as a center of world diplomacy. This neutrality also contributed to the preservation of Geneva's historic appearance, as the city was not destroyed during wartime. The people of Geneva hold deep reverence for the cultural monuments in their city.
